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Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1): a potential biomarker for the diagnosis

Changlin Cao, Jingxian Gu, Jingyao Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 169-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0505-z

摘要： Sensitive and useful biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of infectious diseases have been widely developed. An example of these biomarkers is triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1), which is a cell surface receptor expressed on monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils. TREM-1 amplifies inflammation by activating the TREM-1/DAP12 pathway. This pathway is triggered by the interaction of TREM-1 with ligands or stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Consequently, pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are secreted. Soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) is a special form of TREM-1 that can be directly tested in human body fluids and well-known biomarker for infectious diseases. sTREM-1 level can be potentially used for the early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of some infectious diseases, including infectious pleural effusion, lung infections, sepsis, bacterial meningitis, viral infections (e.g., Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever and dengue fever), fungal infections (e.g., infection), and burn-related infections. sTREM-1 is a more sensitive and specific biomarker than traditional indices, such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels, for these infectious diseases. Therefore, sTREM-1 is a feasible biomarker for the targeted therapy and rapid and early diagnosis of infectious diseases.

关键词： soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1     infectious diseases     diagnosis and prognosis     biomarker    

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Detection of digestive malignancies and post-gastrectomy complications via gastrointestinal fluid examination

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 20-31 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0493-4

摘要：

To date, gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the common and fatal digestive malignancies worldwide. The prognosis of GC is not always satisfactory because of late diagnosis. Scholars are keen on discovering novel accurate and economical biomarkers in body liquids for GC screening to detect and evaluate the lesion before the results of imaging techniques are obtained. While traditional serum assays have limited sensitivity and specificity, gastrointestinal juice may provide relevant specific biomarkers because of its close contact with the tumor. Herein, the current progress in the relationship between gastrointestinal fluid analyses and GC is systematically and comprehensively reviewed. The detection of gastric juice pH, fluorescence spectrum, cytology, Helicobacter pylori-associated markers, nitrosamines, conventional tumor markers, amino acids, proteomics, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, protein-coding genes, vitamin C, etc., and combination tests of different category markers could provide important diagnostic and prognostic clues for gastrointestinal diseases. Particularly, early GC may be efficiently screened using gastric juice. Gastrointestinal fluid examination could also predict the adverse effects of postgastrectomy, such as pancreatic leakage, fistula, and abscess. Gastric fluid markers should be further studied to reveal the early predicators of malignancy and complications. The methods for obtaining the samples of gastrointestinal juice with minimum incision should also be comprehensively investigated.

关键词： gastrointestinal fluid     gastric carcinoma     biomarker     diagnosis     prognosis     gastrectomy     adverse events    

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Overview on acute-on-chronic liver failure

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 1-17 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0439-x

摘要：

Liver failure (LF) is defined as severe dysfunction in hepatic synthesis, detoxification, and metabolism induced by various etiologies. Clinical presentation of LF typically includes severe jaundice, coagulation disorder, hepatic encephalopathy, and ascites. LF can be classified into acute LF, acute-on-chronic LF (ACLF), and chronic LF. ACLF has been demonstrated as a distinct syndrome with unique clinical presentation and outcomes. The severity, curability, and reversibility of ACLF have attracted considerable attention. Remarkable developments in ACLF-related conception, diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, and therapy have been achieved. However, this disease, especially its diagnostic criteria, remains controversial. In this paper, we systemically reviewed the current understanding of ACLF from its definition, etiology, pathophysiology, pathology, and clinical presentation to management by thoroughly comparing important findings between east and west countries, as well as those from other regions. We also discussed the controversies, challenges, and needs for future studies to promote the standardization and optimization of the diagnosis and treatment for ACLF.

关键词： liver failure     chronic liver failure     acute-on-chronic liver failure     diagnosis     prognosis     treatment    

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Crack fault quantitative diagnosis based on finite element of B-spline wavelet on the interval

XIANG Jia-wei, CHEN Xue-feng, HE Zheng-jia, HE Yu-min

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第2期   页码 177-182 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0001-7

摘要： The model-based forward and inverse problems in the diagnosis of structural crack faults were studied. The forward problem is to solve the natural frequencies through a cracked structural model and the inverse problem is to quantitatively determine the crack parameters using the experimental testing frequencies. Then, the one-dimensional crack element of B-spline wavelet on the interval (BSWI) was built to solve the forward problem. Contour plots of normalized crack location versus normalized crack size were plotted by using the first three natural frequencies as the inputs. The intersection of the three curves predicted the normalized crack location and size. The experimental study verified the validity of the wavelet-based crack element in solving crack singular problems to overcome the disadvantages of the traditional finite element method (FEM), such as low efficiency, insufficient accuracy, slow convergence to correct solutions, etc. At the same time, it had adequate identification precision. The new method can be applied to prognosis and quantitative diagnosis of incipient crack.

关键词： one-dimensional     B-spline     incipient     prognosis     identification precision    

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Elevated C-reactive protein levels predict worsening prognosis in Chinese patients with first-onset stroke

Jiangtao YAN, Rutai HUI, Daowen WANG

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 30-35 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0005-x

摘要： The role of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in predicting prognosis after stroke in the Asian population has not been investigated. We hypothesized that elevated levels of hsCRP were associated with worsening prognosis after stroke in Chinese patients. Two hundred and ninety consecutive patients with first-onset stroke and 290 age- and gender-matched control subjects without any cerebrovascular disease were enrolled for study. Plasma hsCRP level was detected and subsequent vascular events and death were recorded in both groups over a 5-year period. Compared to control group, patients presenting with stroke had higher plasma hsCRP level (3.3 ± 3.8 1.3 ± 2.2 mg/L, < 0.01). Furthermore, in the group of patients with stroke, the mean plasma hsCRP level was higher in patients who developed subsequent vascular diseases or died as compared with the patients without further complications (4.4 ± 4.3 2.7 ± 3.3 mg/L, < 0.01). Compared to the lowest tertile of hsCRP level, the relative risk for vascular events or death in stroke patients was 2.91 in the highest tertile of hsCRP (95% CI, 1.54–5.50, = 0.001). This increase in relative risk for vascular events or death in stroke patients continued after adjustment for age, sex and other cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes ( : 2.771, 95% CI: 1.367–5.617, = 0.005). These findings indicate that increased hsCRP level is associated with worsening prognosis after stroke in Chinese patients and suggests that inflammation is correlated with stroke outcome.

关键词： C-reactive protein     inflammation     stroke    

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Risk factors of prognosis after acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 393-402 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0532-9

摘要：

The risk factors, especially laboratory indicators, of prognosis after acute kidney injury (AKI) remain unclear. We conducted a retrospective survey of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2012 according to the AKI diagnosis standard issued by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. The epidemiological features and factors influencing hospital mortality and renal function recovery were evaluated through logistic regression analysis. Among 77 662 cases of hospitalized patients, 1387 suffered from AKI. The incidence rate and mortality of AKI were 1.79% and 14.56%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that high AKI stage, age greater than 80 years, neoplastic disease, low cardiac output, increased white blood cell count, and decreased platelet count and serum albumin levels were the risk factors affecting the mortality of AKI patients. Conversely, body mass index between 28 and 34.9 was a protective factor. Increased AKI stage, tumor disease, post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and RRT were the risk factors of renal function recovery upon discharge. In addition to traditional risk factors, white blood cell count, platelet count, albumin, and BMI were the predictors of the mortality of AKI patients. No laboratory indicators were found to be the risk factors of renal function recovery in AKI patients.

关键词： acute kidney injury     risk factors     prognosis    

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Microbiome subsets determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1029-3

摘要： Microbiome subsets determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a multi-center integrated analysis of microbiome, metabolome, and transcriptome data

关键词： tumor prognosis molecular     Microbiome subsets determine     center analysis microbiome     transcriptome data    

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Improving the prognosis of pancreatic cancer: insights from epidemiology, genomic alterations, and therapeutic

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1050-6

摘要： Pancreatic cancer, notorious for its late diagnosis and aggressive progression, poses a substantial challenge owing to scarce treatment alternatives. This review endeavors to furnish a holistic insight into pancreatic cancer, encompassing its epidemiology, genomic characterization, risk factors, diagnosis, therapeutic strategies, and treatment resistance mechanisms. We delve into identifying risk factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental exposures, and explore recent research advancements in precursor lesions and molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, we highlight the development and application of multi-omics approaches in pancreatic cancer research and discuss the latest combinations of pancreatic cancer biomarkers and their efficacy. We also dissect the primary mechanisms underlying treatment resistance in this malignancy, illustrating the latest therapeutic options and advancements in the field. Conclusively, we accentuate the urgent demand for more extensive research to enhance the prognosis for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词： pancreatic cancer     cancer screening     single cell     molecular alterations     precancerous lesion     therapy resistance    

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Laboratory diagnosis for malaria in the elimination phase in China: efforts and challenges

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 10-16 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0889-7

摘要： Malaria remains a global health challenge, although an increasing number of countries will enter pre-elimination and elimination stages. The prompt and precise diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers of Plasmodium parasites is the key aspect of malaria elimination. Since the launch of the China Malaria Elimination Action Plan in 2010, China has formulated clear goals for malaria diagnosis and has established a network of malaria diagnostic laboratories within medical and health institutions at all levels. Various external quality assessments were implemented, and a national malaria diagnosis reference laboratory network was established to strengthen the quality assurance in malaria diagnosis. Notably, no indigenous malaria cases have been reported since 2017, but the risk of re-establishment of malaria transmission cannot be ignored. This review summarizes the lessons about malaria diagnosis in the elimination phase, primarily including the establishments of laboratory networks and quality control in China, to better improve malaria diagnosis and maintain a malaria-free status. A reference is also provided for countries experiencing malaria elimination.

关键词： malaria     laboratory diagnosis     quality control     malaria elimination     China    

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Relationship of adrenomedullin expression and microvessel density and prognosis in smooth muscle tumor

JIANG Yuan, TIAN Xuehong, YUAN Jie, JIN Yuemei, TAN Yusong

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 398-400 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0077-4

摘要： The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between the expression of adrenomedullin (ADM) and microvessel density (MVD) and prognosis in smooth muscle tumor of uterus. The expression of ADM was detected using immunohistochemical staining in specimens from 15 normal controls, 28 cases of uterine leiomyoma (LE) and 19 cases of uterine leiomyosarcoma (LES). The MVD was assayed by immunostainting with CD. There was a positive correlation between the ADM expression and MVD in LE and LES respectively ( = 0.823, <0.01; = 0.793, <0.01). The expression of ADM in LE was statistically lower than that in LES (<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the ADM expression and mitotic figures in LES (<0.05): the more mitotic figures, the higher levels of the ADM expression and poor prognosis. The ADM is an important angiogenic factor in smooth muscle tumor of uterus. The ADM can be used as an accessory marker in estimating the malignant potency of LE and judging the pro gnosis of LES, and as a novel molecular target of anti-angiogenic and anticarcinogenic strategies.

关键词： anticarcinogenic     microvessel density     malignant potency     muscle     uterine leiomyosarcoma    

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Clinical significance of para-aortic lymph node dissection and prognosis in ovarian cancer

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 96-100 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0316-4

摘要：

Lymph node metastasis has an important effect on prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. Moreover, the impact of para-aortic lymph node (PAN) removal on patient prognosis is still unclear. In this study, 80 patients were divided into groups A and B. Group A consisted of 30 patients who underwent PAN+ pelvic lymph node (PLN) dissection, whereas group B consisted of 50 patients who only underwent PLN dissection. Analysis of the correlation between PAN clearance and prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer was conducted. Nineteen cases of lymph node metastasis were found in group A, among whom seven cases were positive for PAN, three cases for PLN, and nine cases for both PAN and PLN. In group B, 13 cases were positive for lymph node metastasis. Our study suggested that the metastatic rate of lymph node is 40.0%. Lymph node metastasis was significantly correlated with FIGO stage, tumor differentiation, and histological type both in groups A and B (P<0.05). In groups A and B, the three-year survival rates were 77.9% and 69.0%, and the five-year survival rates were 46.7% and 39.2%, respectively. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The three-year survival rates of PLN metastasis in groups A and B were 68.5% and 41.4%, and the five-year survival rates were 49.7% and 26.4%, respectively. Furthermore, PLN-positive patients who cleared PAN had significantly higher survival rate (P=0.044). In group A, the three-year survival rates of positive and negative lymph nodes were 43.5% and 72.7%, and the five-year survival rates were 27.2% and 58.5%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.048). Cox model analysis of single factor suggested that lymph node status affected the survival rate (P<0.01), which was the death risk factor. Consequently, in ovarian carcinoma cytoreductive surgery, resection of the para-aortic lymph node, which has an important function in clinical treatment and prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer, is necessary.

关键词： ovarian cancer     para-aortic lymph node     pelvic lymph node    

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Predication of increased plasma homocysteine level on the prognosis of Chinese patients with first-onset

YAN Jiangtao, SHAO Jiaomei, WANG Daowen, YUE Zhengliang, HUI Rutai

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 352-355 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0067-1

摘要： Epidemiological studies show that increased plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) level was an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between tHcy level and prognosis of first-onset stroke in Chinese people. One hundred ninety six patients with first-onset ischemic stroke and ninety-five patients with first-onset hemorrhagic stroke were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups in terms of tHcy level (< 18 ?mol/L and ≥ 18 ?mol/L). The plasma tHcy level was detected by a high performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection. All the patients underwent a 5-year follow-up. Survival analysis shows that the probability of death or new vascular events in the ischemic stroke patients with high tHcy level (≥ 18 ?mol/L) was significantly higher than that in the counterparts with lower tHcy level (< 18 ?mol/L) (50.9% and 28.7%, respectively, = 0.004). The relative risk of death or new vascular events was 2.363 (95% CI, 1.209 to 4.617, = 0.012) in ischemic stroke patients with high tHcy levels(≥ 18 ?mol/L) compared to those with a lower tHcy level (< 18 ?mol/L). The increased tHcy level was significantly associated with the risk of death or new vascular events (, 2.492, 95% CI, 1.148 to 5.407, = 0.021) in patients with ischemic stroke in the exclusion of the influence of other risk factors such as gender, age, body mass index, plasma cholesterol level, the history of hypertension, diabetes or smoking. However, in the patients with hemorrhagic stroke, there was no significant difference in the probability of death or new vascular events between patients with a high tHcy level and those with a lower tHcy level (33.3% and 28.2%, respectively, = 0.546). Increased tHcy level was an independent risk factor for a worse outcome in patients with first-onset ischemic stroke, but not in hemorrhagic stroke patients.
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Biosensor-based assay of exosome biomarker for early diagnosis of cancer

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 157-175 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0884-z

摘要： Cancer imposes a severe threat to people’s health and lives, thus pressing a huge medical and economic burden on individuals and communities. Therefore, early diagnosis of cancer is indispensable in the timely prevention and effective treatment for patients. Exosome has recently become an attractive cancer biomarker in noninvasive early diagnosis because of the unique physiology and pathology functions, which reflects remarkable information regarding the cancer microenvironment, and plays an important role in the occurrence and evolution of cancer. Meanwhile, biosensors have gained great attention for the detection of exosomes due to their superior properties, such as convenient operation, real-time readout, high sensitivity, and remarkable specificity, suggesting promising biomedical applications in the early diagnosis of cancer. In this review, the latest advances of biosensors regarding the assay of exosomes were summarized, and the superiorities of exosomes as markers for the early diagnosis of cancer were evaluated. Moreover, the recent challenges and further opportunities of developing effective biosensors for the early diagnosis of cancer were discussed.

关键词： biosensor     exosome     cancer diagnosis    

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Tomographic diagnosis of defects in hydraulic concrete structure

ZHAO Mingjie, XU Xibin

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 226-232 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0027-5

摘要： The ultrasonic tomographic technology is applied to diagnose the defects in hydraulic concrete structure. In order to improve the precision of diagnoses, the wavelet transformation is used in the processing of ultrasonic signals. The influences of water, scale and orientation of defect, processing methods and theoretical model on image resolution are investigated. The experimental results indicate that the result of the tomographic diagnosis of a single defect is sensitive and the boundary can be clearly determined. However, the image resolution of multiple defects is not satisfactory. The water content and scale of a defect may significantly affect the imaging resolution. Defects with the orientation perpendicular to the direction of the diagnosis may have higher precision in diagnosing. The wavelet transformation technology can elevate the imaging resolution. The applied calculation model plays a very important role in improving the accuracy of detection.

关键词： satisfactory     processing     orientation     tomographic diagnosis     orientation perpendicular    

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convolutional tree-inspired network: a decision-tree-structured neural network for hierarchical fault diagnosis

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第4期   页码 814-828 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0650-6

摘要： The fault diagnosis of bearings is crucial in ensuring the reliability of rotating machinery. Deep neural networks have provided unprecedented opportunities to condition monitoring from a new perspective due to the powerful ability in learning fault-related knowledge. However, the inexplicability and low generalization ability of fault diagnosis models still bar them from the application. To address this issue, this paper explores a decision-tree-structured neural network, that is, the deep convolutional tree-inspired network (DCTN), for the hierarchical fault diagnosis of bearings. The proposed model effectively integrates the advantages of convolutional neural network (CNN) and decision tree methods by rebuilding the output decision layer of CNN according to the hierarchical structural characteristics of the decision tree, which is by no means a simple combination of the two models. The proposed DCTN model has unique advantages in 1) the hierarchical structure that can support more accuracy and comprehensive fault diagnosis, 2) the better interpretability of the model output with hierarchical decision making, and 3) more powerful generalization capabilities for the samples across fault severities. The multiclass fault diagnosis case and cross-severity fault diagnosis case are executed on a multicondition aeronautical bearing test rig. Experimental results can fully demonstrate the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： bearing     cross-severity fault diagnosis     hierarchical fault diagnosis     convolutional neural network     decision tree    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1): a potential biomarker for the diagnosis

Changlin Cao, Jingxian Gu, Jingyao Zhang

期刊论文

Detection of digestive malignancies and post-gastrectomy complications via gastrointestinal fluid examination

null

期刊论文

Overview on acute-on-chronic liver failure

null

期刊论文

Crack fault quantitative diagnosis based on finite element of B-spline wavelet on the interval

XIANG Jia-wei, CHEN Xue-feng, HE Zheng-jia, HE Yu-min

期刊论文

Elevated C-reactive protein levels predict worsening prognosis in Chinese patients with first-onset stroke

Jiangtao YAN, Rutai HUI, Daowen WANG

期刊论文

Risk factors of prognosis after acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients

null

期刊论文

Microbiome subsets determine tumor prognosis and molecular characteristics of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

期刊论文

Improving the prognosis of pancreatic cancer: insights from epidemiology, genomic alterations, and therapeutic

期刊论文

Laboratory diagnosis for malaria in the elimination phase in China: efforts and challenges

期刊论文

Relationship of adrenomedullin expression and microvessel density and prognosis in smooth muscle tumor

JIANG Yuan, TIAN Xuehong, YUAN Jie, JIN Yuemei, TAN Yusong

期刊论文

Clinical significance of para-aortic lymph node dissection and prognosis in ovarian cancer

null

期刊论文

Predication of increased plasma homocysteine level on the prognosis of Chinese patients with first-onset

YAN Jiangtao, SHAO Jiaomei, WANG Daowen, YUE Zhengliang, HUI Rutai

期刊论文

Biosensor-based assay of exosome biomarker for early diagnosis of cancer

期刊论文

Tomographic diagnosis of defects in hydraulic concrete structure

ZHAO Mingjie, XU Xibin

期刊论文

convolutional tree-inspired network: a decision-tree-structured neural network for hierarchical fault diagnosis

期刊论文